Source A
Origins: Source A is a primary source and was published online on the 12th of February 2017, on News 24 by City Press which is a well-known media, news outlet in South Africa under a journalist\writer by the name Theo Mapheto who is a youth activist and attorney based in Johannesburg, under the guest column. The purpose of this piece is to express the effect of white privilege on the black body more so society of South Africa.
Validity\usefulness: the article contains the element of bias making it clear the writer has a anti-white and anti-white privilege view.as seen by its use of emotive language and the fact that it seems the writer is emotionally invested into the topic\article, “rub salt into the wound.” but once the reader of the article strips away the bias of the article the reader is able to see the article shows what power white privilege has and how it is utilized unconsciously by a white individual. The source furthermore points out white privilege is still at play in the South Africa society and the affects it has on the black body. The source is furthermore useful as it gives us (the readers) a situation in which we can now expect white privilege to show its nature and we can also link it to personal experiences and now finally put a label on it.
Reliability: the sources reliability is questionable since it was written under the guest column meaning that it could to an extent be the opinion of a random individual and not of an actual journalist who performed research before writing this article. Apart from that elements of bias and generalization being sited throughout the article on a sense of justification of a single incident. The source is reliable for the purpose of illustrating the emotional views of black citizens in South Africans as well as the strength of white privilege on a deeper level on a black body.
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Limitations: the article is very limited as it not only tells one side of the story and does not seem to unpack the entire story from all perspectives. But as well as it is bias allowing for the reader to question the intention of the writer form being to inform to painting their opinion on the matter as fact. It furthermore accounts for a single incident as uses this as justification for generalization and blaming white privilege and the government for all that is wrong in South Africa.
Source B
Origins: Source B is a primary source by an anonymous writer who then published it on News 24 a well know online media outlet on the 12th of October 2017. Under the guest column. The purpose of this source is to show that it is possible for a white individual to acknowledge they are privileged and try getting others to acknowledge it as well.
Validity\usefulness: the source is valid as firstly it doesn’t contain an element of bias and more so gives us the point of view of a aware white person (aware in the sense they know they are at an advantage because of white privilege), furthermore the source goes on to explain the concept of privilege being an advantage bestowed to a set person or people even in explaining as to why in the case of white privilege black people carry anger towards white people. The source goes onto explains a solution that could be implemented by white people that would need them to be mindful of their white privilege and admit that they are beneficiaries of white privilege the source is also of value in showing it is possible for a white individual to see that they are privileged and to try solve it as an issue allowing for hope that more white people are out there and they too have acknowledged white privilege meaning that even more can as well.
Reliability: the source is reliable in conveying a message of blacks need to realize whites did not ask to be privileged more so whites need to understand and admit they are privileged and either limit its effects on personal gain or try sharing its power.
Limitations: the article goes on to discuss black people as being angry due to a single thing and it being white people are privileged and that’s not the case or only factor as there are multiple such as inequality, or lack of employment. A further limitation is the solution given of whites being mindful but that can not be a viable solutiona proper reliable solution because it would be hard for such to be done if they are unconscious or ignorant about the privilege in the first place.
Source C
Origins: Source C is a primary source and was published online on a website called The Daily Vox. On the 1st of February 2017. Written by the name Lisa Golden a freelance journalist who is based in Johannesburg the purpose of this piece is to show white privilege is a poison to the white community and its time they remove it.
Validity\Usefulness: the article is useful as it gives an account of a white individual who goes on to acknowledge that they are privilege and that white privilege exists in South Africa the author firstly gives out her experiences of encountering white privilege then goes on to explain the white community is to fix itself and rid this privilege as it is corrupting them. She went on further to describe how blacks are treated in this single case (of the woman working behind the patisserie counter being given a white tantrum).this piece is useful for the purpose of providing a personal account of white privilege and its being used on black individual and even a white individual as well. The source also shows us how corrupting this privilege is towards the white body. As it was thought that whites treat one another better than they treat black people by for the source to account for the women in the store to ‘attack’ Lisa the white writer as well just shows white privilege has negative effects to both black and white people.
Reliability: the source is written by a Lisa a white individual who lives in South Africa. She furthermore went on to discuss how white privilege exists and also needs to be challenged. The writer seems emotionally invested in the article but does not turn this into bias instead keeps her article very subjective which furthermore adds to the reliability of the source in showing that white privilege is still in play in South Africa, the article is furthermore written by a South African journalist, who lives within South Africa this assists in assuring the article is reliable and her article has been published on multiple trustworthy websites including Medium.com. The source furthermore according to what was written seems to have been written a day after the incident at Woolworths occurred meaning that everything was still there in detail in the writers mind
Limitations: the source is limited as it does not contextualize the situation around white privilege. Yes it gives a single account but that’s the issue the writer then tries to use this single event they witnessed as a means to substantiate her conclusion that white privilege has poisoned the white community. It does not explore the effects of white privilege on society nor does it actually give a proper representation of its effects.
Source D
Origins: Source D is a primary source and was published online on website called Tolerance under a writer by the name Jennifer R. Holladay and is a passage from “White Anti-Racist Activism”, which is a book published in the US (United States of America) and furthermore discusses white privilege as well as racism and gives us views on its advantages and affects in society. The purpose of this source is to explain the concepts of white privilege and racism and furthermore give out a way to try eradicate and solve them.
Validity\Usefulness: the extract is of value as a primary source. It gives out accounts of the writer relating to the topic of white privilege and even racism and goes into depth on racism and white privilege and even goes on to list multiple examples of the advantages of being a recipient of white privilege. The source is valid and of value in explaining where this two concepts manifest
Reliability: the source is reliable as it is firstly an extract from a book and has been published on multiple websites, secondly the article is reliable in discussing whit privilege and racism to full lengths
Limitations: however the article fails at specifically analyzing white privilege in South Africa, the article mainly deals with racism and white privilege in USA, nowhere does it actually go in detail about White South Africans furthermore their counterparts neither does it give a proper concrete solution to help deal with these issues instead talks of initiating classes where the home language is diversified.
Source E
Origins: Source E is a primary source, published online by Zimbabwean born Jo Jackson and even furthered her studies in France and basically traveled the world, on the platform Matador network on the 7th of November 2017, the purpose of the article is to enlighten people on what’s happening in South Africa in relation with white privilege, and to try and get those who are privileged to acknowledge they are and even attempt to get them to give it up as in means to working towards a equal society.
Validity\Usefulness: the article is valid as a primary source, and of value because the writer goes on to give full examples on her experiences on how black people are made to basically live their lives due to white privilege, and how white privilege has basically resulted in white lives being firstly more successful, then living a much more easier life than black people and how we fail to see death as death as we value others more because they are white deaths, it even goes on to the point to compare South Africa and the rest of the world in the sense of the effect\damage of white privilege and how different we are to the rest of the world . Even more so the article is valid in showing us that white privilege still exists in South Africa and she the writer goes on to give multiple accounts for it.
Reliability: the source is reliable for the purpose of illustrating an accurate painting of how life is in South Africa for black people, with the taxi example and explaining how they value cleanliness to the extent where one would struggle in pointing out where do the passengers in the taxi live as they all look like members of the middle class at that time majority of them are made up of the lower class. The source itself is useful as a primary source as it gives an actual account of the experiences\encounters of the writer with white privilege compared to secondary sources that may only describe the degrees of privilege thus not allowing for readers to see for themselves and analyze the source correctly. The source is bias due to it taking an anti- white privilege stance by only giving a black view of the issue showing a clear favorite.
Limitations: the source is limited, as it only shows and explains the writer’s personal experiences and opinion, it does not fully explain the situation around white privilege as in it only takes the concept from one side the black people’s perspective and how they view everything. There is a lack in white representation well the white people’s point of view on this topic.
Source F
Origins: Source F is a secondary source, published online by a unknown writer who is a blogger, on the platform WordPress, the purpose of the article is to express the authors opinion on the topic of privilege and the types and their effects, as well as to provide knowledge to people on what is white privilege and why it should be dismantled
Validity\Usefulness: the source is valid and of value as it serves it’s propose of explaining privilege and white privilege. Furthermore the anonymous writer is a white person further adding credibility to the topic of white privilege. The article then talks of how privilege is created and how it creates norms and frameworks in society and how the unprivileged bunch need to work to make their riches by following these frame works, more credibility is added on by the fact the writer went on to say the article is not yet complete as more research is being complied showing that this a extremely objective paper which will further get better with more substance. It goes on to quote from a book\essay where it gives examples of white privilege. He does go on to explain possible solutions to white privilege.
Reliability: the reliability of the source can be questioned because firstly the author does not reveal anything about himself not his name, of place of birth, or where he currently resides, all we know is that his a blogger and share his opinion in his work but also said he edits his work if or once he gains more insight on the topic at hand therefore telling us the article is not yet complete and will soon be altered once he gets new or relevant information on the topic of privilege. But as for the article itself it is reliable for the purpose of clearly deconstructing the concept of white privilege and explaining it
Limitations: the article is limited as since it’s written by a white writer about white privilege it fails to add in the black aspect of how black people feel about the concept and how the concept affects them on the daily.
