The salon des refuses in the French word means ’the exhibition of reject or the salon of the refused’. The salon des refuses was an Academy of fine Art (Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, etc). the officials of the salon academy expected the artist to work from their studios rather than anywhere else. Academic painting of the salon particularly in the nineteenth century refers to either an elected member, an artist or pupil of an academy whose work is executed under governing philosophy and principles of the academic tradition. Academy art in the comprehensive sense portrays the gradual mastery of the human form, considered the basics for mastering all objects in the visual environment.
The strict control of ideas and technology in the academy could clearly be seen in the works of its students as it was nearly impossible for many changes the styles, they had adopted in school subsequently. This common belief of the academy ‘‘control instructions and you would control style’’ worked ideal against students of the academy. In this manner the artist perceives himself as a genius who had to represent his themes in the clearest and declared manner; colour was the only tool used to portray the logical design rather than to withdraw from it, not similar to the impressionist who used colours to express a sentimental feeling or subject.
In 1863 the officials of the salon rejected two thirds of the painting presented by the artist in salon of the academy during the jury exhibition. Among the exhibitors were Paul Cezanne, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley and Edouard Manet etc. the rejected artist protested with friends about their works, and the protest extended to Emperor Napoleon III and outflow a statement to the salon to allow the refused artworks during the jury to be exhibited at the order part of the palace of industry wishing to judge legitimacy of the complaints. During the salon exhibition of the then academy they organise their artwork from the ground floor to the top(ceiling).the academy of fine arts and also the jury exhibition was headed by Comte de Nieuwerkerke, and also since the 18th century history paintings was completely ranked first, followed by portraits, landscapes and still life. After Emperor Napoleon III comment about the rejected artwork, the artist whose work was rejected were given a chance also exhibit theirs. Critics and the public disrespected the refused art which included the famous painting of Edouard Manet’s “Le Dejeuner sur l’herbe”. Aside his famous painting Edouard Manet painted ‘The Absinthe Drinker’ in 1859 to 1867 and that was his first submission and also his first rejection of the salon.
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The salon was amazed of Manet’s painting “Le Dejeuner sur l’herbe” drawing huge cloud as they feel shock on how the artist juxtaposed classical modern dress and nudity, painted with unpolished brushstroke. The salon received greater recognition after they refused works drew a large number of cloud and also record 83% of works accepted in 1868. In impressionist painting artist were not painting realistically but intend to capture the unique clearing of light and scenes with quick brushstrokes, the impressionist works were characterized by losing the brushwork and lighten pallet and paint with pure intensity colours.Some of these artists include: Edouard Manet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Edgar Degas, Berthe Morisot and Oscar Claude Monet etc.
After their works were rejected during the salon, they took their easels, paints and brushes outdoor to paint rather than work from sketches from their studio. They invented a new style of painting which stressed the effects of sunlight on the subject matter. They worked quickly in open air (Plein air painting). The effect of the sunlight in their painting resulted in a greater awareness of light and colour and the shifting pattern of the natural scene (the passage of time, changes in weather and shift in atmosphere). When the impressionist artwork is viewed from a distance, these dabs of colour were blended together in the eye of the viewer to create a desired effect. Impressionism was the first-time independent artist reacted to traditional academic values to show their own styles of art.
During the salon many artists participated and among the exhibited include artist whose work were rejected and accepted. The artist whose work were accepted include Paul Signac, Honore Daumier and Caillebotte Gustave, and also names of the rejected artist include Oscar Claude Monet, Alfred Sisley and Edouard Manet. The reason why the salon rejected the works during the salon was typically how they lose their brushwork and lighten pallet and paint with pure intensity colours and the accepted once were accepted because they didn’t cope with their style of painting with brushstrokes.
