Table of Contents
Introduction
Nowadays, Pollution has become one of the most dangerous threats faced by the earth. This problem is faced for all the countries. There are many health risks produced because of the pollution.
What is Pollution?
Pollution is produced when human activities produces impurities and they get introduced into the atmosphere, as a result changes the regular processes, leading the earth to an irreparable loss. The main thing causing pollution are called pollutants. Pollutants can be occurred naturally or because of human activities. Also it can be in the form of energies released into the atmosphere. According to the pollutants and the pollution caused in the parts of the environment, the pollution can be classified as air pollution, soil pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, radioactive pollution, thermal pollution etc. water pollution interrupts natural food chain.
Air Pollution
Air pollution occurs when harmful substances releases into the atmosphere. Some causes of air pollution are sulfur dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide etc. Due to air pollution many harmful diseases are caused including respiratory infections and heart diseases. Also it causes and death to many people. As a result it is extremely essential for us to prevent human activities which causes air pollution to get rid of diseases. Air pollution has a great influence on the process of plant progression by stopping photosynthesis in which causes serious consequences on the purification of the air we breathe. Also the build up of gases in the atmosphere creates environmental problems like acid rain, depletion of the ozone layer, global warming, the greenhouse effect, etc.
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Soil Pollution
Soil pollution is caused by artificial fertilizers in the soil and also other changes in genuine soil environment. Agricultural chemicals and inappropriate way of disposing materials can cause soil pollution. The chemicals associated are petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides, solvents etc. Polluted soil affects to human health when directly contacted with the soil or when inhaled. Exposure to polluted soil leads to congenital disorders. When soils around the world get more polluted, the consequences for society can be more dangerous. Because of more number of poor yields of farms scarcity of food takes place. Some chemicals decreases the average health of large parts of the human population, leading to increased mortality and higher medical costs. When allergies become more common, the quality of life for many people is reduced, and weak immune systems may make people more susceptible to outbreaks of infectious diseases
Water Pollution
Water pollution is contamination of water with impurities because of our bad activities. Poorly treated sewage or wastewater into pure water can lead to humiliation of marine ecosystems. It leads to health problems for the people living in villages, Because they use the polluted water for drinking, bathing in daily basis. Water pollution is heading universal cause of deaths and diseases because of water borne diseases. Some diseases caused because of water pollution are Gastroenteritis, encephalitis, stomach cramps and ulcers, and respiratory infections.
Noise Pollution
Noise pollution, or sound pollution is the increased in noise with unhealthy influence on the activity of organisms life. The source of noise is commonly transport of vehicles and use of different types of machines. High noise levels can lead to cardiovascular effects in humans and an rapid incidence of coronary artery diseases. In animals, noise increases the risk of death by changing predator or prey observation and neglecting , getting in the way of reproduction and navigation. For adults, noise pollution causes heart disesases. The effect for children may stay for a lifetime. Noise poses a serious threat to a child’s physical and psychological health, and may negatively interfere with a child’s learning and behavior.
Radioactive Pollution
Radioactive pollution is the most threatening types of pollution, because the harmful effects faced due to the radioactive pollution stays forever. Radioactive pollution occurs when there is a build up of radioactive materials in the atmosphere, especially where their presence is coincidental and when it presents an environmental threat because of radioactive decay. Some examples of radioactive pollution are Nuclear waste disposed carelessly, accidents in nuclear plants, etc. it can cause infertility as a result of exposure, blood cancer and skin cancer, blindness and various birth defects. It can also permanently change the air, soil and water – which are the major life sources. It also causes serious mutation in some species.
Thermal Pollution
Thermal pollution is the lowing of water quality processes that alters water temperature. The use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers can lead to thermal pollution. Also soil erosion causes thermal pollution which leads to rise of water and expose it to sunlight. When water used as a coolant come back to the natural environment at a higher temperature, the sudden change in temperature decreases oxygen supply and affects ecosystem. Fish and other marine organisms adapted to a same temperature range can be killed by a quick change in water temperature called “thermal shock”. Polio, trachoma, typhoid fever, schistosomiasis, cholera and diarrhea are some diseases caused because of thermal pollution. Thermal pollution can be prevented if warmed water from the industries are treated prior to discharging straightly to the water bodies. Heated water from the industries can be treated by the installation of cooling ponds and cooling towers. Industrial treated water can be recycled for domestic use or industrial heating.
Conclusion
Environmental pollution has become a great worry for earth. We have to take strong measures to save our planet. Planting trees, minimizing the use of non- renewable energy, disposing waste materials correctly are some examples. It is the responsibility of each and every person to protect the earth from pollution. Any natural resource found in the environment, when used at a higher rate than the ability of its restoration, leads to depletion, thereby causing environmental pollution. This will lead to the decadence of environmental standard and is evidenced by the loss of biodiversity, flora and fauna, the introduction of new diseases and stressful life in public, etc.
