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Integration in the armed forces was a momentous event in our military and nationality. It is a milestone in the development of the armed forces and the fulfillment of democratic ideals. The postwar pressures generated by the civil rights, movement compelled all the services to re-examine their traditional practice of segregation. Executive Order 9981 had The right for women to services in the military. The high rise competence with black Marines in Korea fighting destroyed long-acceptance beliefs. In 1946, two African-American veterans and their wives were taken from Monroe, Georgia. A white mob shot them to death, their bodies were found containing 60 bullets. Integration of Armed Forces had an impact on joining, Executive order, and treatment upon each other.
Armed Forces
President Truman ordered the integration of the Armed Forces on July 26, 1948. Truman passed the Executive order in 1948 to end segregation in the Armed Forces. As of September 1941 300, African Americans qualified for combat training. There were many restrictions regardless of color or national origin. A special message was sent to Congress for implementation of the commission’s recommendation of February 2, 1948. African Americans got poor treatment verse white, the whites got into Combat training quickly. On the other hand, African Americans had to wait 4 years because the Armed Forces thought they needed extra education.
During WWII the Army has 2.5 million African Americans. The Military was used for Social Change to end segregation in 1947. African Americans worked under different rules which delayed their entries. After WWII Armed Forces took a good turn for their people. African American Marines grew from 1,525 to 17,000 in May 1949. Most Military groups comprised of men and women of social and racial backgrounds. As of January 1950, the Army dropped its long-standing defense of discrimination. In October of 1953, 95% of African American soldiers are in integrated units. President Truman wanted to end segregation for the armed forces, and the civil services (“executive order”) rather than through legislation. Black recruitment and retention is 60 percent over authorization.
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African Americans and whites served together during the revolutionary war. Black relations were integrational mixed by trauma. With African Americans being part of the services 10% was the country’s manpower. Once the last segregation was abolished an African American became a minority in the Navy. Golden Gray appreciates the Army’s abolishment of 10% quota for African Americans. The implementation changed from 106 African Americans to 89 and 167 integrated units to 350. During WWII, Roosevelt had a complaint about discrimination at home against African Americans. In 1974 LT. Gen Clarence developed a program to train African Americans. The defense of countries were blacks, whites, Latin, Asians. The political act unmatched since the reconstruction after the Civil War. What would are Armed Forces look like today if they would have kept the races separated? President Truman distinguished a panel to serve as the president’s commission to the civil rights. Many women enlisted in the Military as volunteers.
Out of 127,000, only 107,000 are in ten relocation centers. The war relocation centers were created by Executive Order 9102 in 1942. The relocation centers must be on public land so improvements were public cost. Truman’s executive board stepped forward for the Armed Forces. Discrimination was ended in jobs, schools, and recruitment. In 1952, the Korean war brought equality of treatment due to Executive Order 9981. National Militarily establishment and advisory knew as an opportunity in the armed services. They shall confer advise the secretary of defense, for the secretary Army, Navy, and Air Force. When Truman made his decisions it would affect how the services would operate. Hundreds of people have been affected by his decisions throughout his career. In 1947 Grant Reynolds renewed efforts to stop discrimination. Truman said, “ It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion or national origin”. These policies were happening because they wanted problems with the armed forces gone.
The United States court of appeals for the armed forces is an article in court that contains a uniform code of the US military. Until 1920 court-martials were reviewed by commanders depending on their rank. After the was over in 1920 Congress required the army to have a board of review, consisting of three lawyers. The legislation also required legal viewing on other cases for the Judge Advocate General. During WWI Navy received a lot of attention because of the immediate aftermath. With the war occurring the military service held over 1.7 million court-martials. On May 5, 1950 article 67 became the uniform code of Military Justice.
There were reports from the house armed services’ committee accompanying the Legislation, for the new courts. In 1969 Congress redesigned the court as the United States Court of Military Appeals. Courts-Martial were under the UCMJ if the trials resulted in a conviction. Once the case was reviewed authorities could approve or reject. If the case was rejected the victim would be sentenced. If the case was approved for deaths, bad conduct, or a dishonored act, they had to do one year or more of confinement. There were four courts for each Military branch. The Army court of criminals appeal, The Navy-Marine Corps court of criminal appeal, the Air Force court of criminal appeal, and the Coast Guard court of criminal appeals. Since 2007, several bills have been added into Congress to expand access of service members to the Supreme court.
Conclusion
Integration of the Armed Forces has affected many people worldwide. With Truman wanting to end discrimination was a good thing after all. With each race and religion coming together to protect their country is all that matters. People disagreed most of the time with Truman, but he wanted his people treated equally. African Americans and whites have been separated causing issues in the Armed Forces. Back in the day women weren’t allowed to join the service because it was only known for men only. With the black being put in separate groups from the white has shown how small our troops were. Integration of Armed Forces had an impact on joining together, Executive order, and treatment upon each other.
