Introduction
The objective of this project is to focus on the influence of the censorship in Francoist times regarding the reception of Hollywood films in Spain. Studying the case of the films Mogambo (1953) and Casablanca (1942) as tools to define the Francoist ideologies and to solidify through the different institutions in Spain in charge of the censorship of the exported materials such as films or theater.
Thus, the Francoist values, its contrapositions of Hollywood’s topics as well as the measures of audiovisual translations and censorship during the Franco’s regime.
In order to explain the national sentiment and the building of national identity, we will look as a starting point the theory of manipulation and rewriting of BILIANI, the importance of culture in the field of translations and finally the role of the translator as auto censor in an authoritative regime. Secondly, we will deep on the topic of nation, nationalism and national identity and its relations with language, translation and culture.
This study covers the scarce studies in manipulation and censorship in the Fracoist regime in Spain Through two famous movies where the censorship is noticeable.
Manipulation and Censorship in the Field of Translation
Billiani (2007) defines censorship as “a form of manipulative rewriting of discourse by one agent or structure or another agent or structure aiming and filtering the stream of information from one source to another” also emphasizing the distance between the original source and the final audience that “they presence of the Other in within”, making the Other the foreign source that passes through the filter of the censorship institutions.
There three main external factors that influence the translation of literary text according to Lefevere (1992); the professionals among the literary system; the patrons of art out of the literary system; and the poetics: “reflects the literary devices and the conception of literature in a period.
Among these three factors, the present study will focus on the institutions, such as the Church and State that supported the altering of the original texts, regarding three causes: the ideological component, the economic and the element of status (Lefevere 1992).
