Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder( ADHD) is a disorder marked by ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity- impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. This disorder causes difficulties with organization, scheduling, behavior management, completing tasks, memory, and problem solving. Children with ADHD can demonstrate symptoms of three different subtypes: combined, Impulsive/ Hyperactive, and Inattentive. ADHD effects 9.4% of children under the age of 17, it is also more likely for males to be diagnosed compared to females (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019).
The more common type of this disorder is Impulsive/ Hyperactive. Frequently children with ADHD are also diagnosed as having other disorders, approximately 6 in 10 with ADHD are diagnosed with another disorder. Some examples of this are depression, autism spectrum disorder, and Tourette Syndrome. Most children with ADHD in the United States receive some form of medication or behavior treatment. While there are many different forms of treatment for children with ADHD Impulsive/ Hyperactive, (BLANK) is the most effective. To understand proper treatment methods, it is important to understand the symptoms present, causes, and how it is diagnosed.
Symptoms
There is a large number of symptoms of ADHD Impulsive/ Hyperactive, however it is the least common type of ADHD (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). A person will demonstrate signs of hyperactivity, a constant need to move, and have impulsive behaviors. Some of these symptoms include not being to sit still, fidgeting, not being able to stay in seat during appropriate times, restlessness, running around and climbing on things when it is inappropriate, have trouble being quietly during activities, excessive talking, have a lack of patience, interrupt or intrude conversations, has troubles controlling emotions, and may have a short temper.
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Just because an individual shows these signs does not mean that they have ADHD. It can be mistaken for many other disorders or disabilities. Other impulse disorders or disabilities that show similar signs to ADHD are anxiety, depression, and other learning disabilities. Someone with ADHD Impulsive/ Hyperactive will not shows signs of inattention or getting easily distracted.
Causes
There are many myths about what causes or what is associated with ADHD. For example, eating too much sugar, watching too much TV, food additives, allergies, immunizations, and poor discipline. None of these contribute as factors to ADHD. Scientist have researched that it relates to genes, use of drugs and alcohol, cigarette smoking, exposure to pollution in the environment as a child, born with low weight, and injuries to the brain/ head.
Diagnosed
ADHD is diagnosed in children by a mental health care professional, child psychiatrist, or a pediatrician. They follow guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. A child suspected of having ADHD goes through a clinical interview and neuropsychological testing. Neuropsychological testing cannot diagnose a child with ADHD alone, it only suggests that it may be present (Brain and Behavior). To effectively diagnose a child with ADHD they have to have a clinical assessment completed.
To fall under Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual guidelines a student’s “symptoms must be present for at least 6 months or longer, be present before the age of seven and cause significant impairment or difficulties in two or more settings, such as home, school/work or social settings” (Brain and Behavior).
