The country based cross-sectional study to explore the prevalence and factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding for first 6 months of an infant’s life in Bangladesh. The prevalence of EBF for first 6 months of an infant’s life in Bangladesh was 35.90%.The study establish that approximately lower educated mothers were more likely to exclusively breastfeed their children than higher educated mothers. Housewife mothers were more likely to be EBF than their counterparts. Greater scale of EBF was especially found among mothers who were living in Sylhet division, within 35–49 years old, and had access to electronic media, had more than 4 children, had delivered at home and non-caesarean delivery, took breastfeeding counseling, antenatal and postnatal cares.
ACCORDING TO ASIARJ Yadav and P Singh (2004) conducted a study on knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers of breast-feeding in Bihar. The study reported that 29% of mothers started breast-feeding within 24 hours. About one-third mothers discarded the colostrum. About two-thirds of mothers discarded their colostrum on the advice of their elders. Most of the mothers breast-fed their child up to more than 12 months. About 55% of mothers introduced supplements to their infants between six to twelve months. Rice was the chiefly supplement given to children. The main reasons for earlier starting of supplements were insufficiency of mother’s milk. The extraordinary foods approved by the mothers during pregnancy and suction period were chiefly ghee and milk products regardless of their socio-economic conditions. The study concluded that the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers regarding breast feeding is inadequate.51A community-based, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted during June-July 2008 to explore the infant- and young child-feeding practices in Bankura district, West Bengal, India.
The range of infants with early inauguration of breastfeeding (13.6%) and exclusive breastfeeding below six months (57.1%) and infants who received reciprocally feeding at the age of 6-8 months (55.7%) were low. The main problems revealed from the study were late initiation of breastfeeding, low rates of exclusive breastfeeding, and inadequate complementary feeding practices.52A study was conducted on poor feeding practices in early childhood contribute to the burden of malnutrition and infant and child mortality in Nagpur, India. Only 23.5% of mothers started breastfeeding within the 1st hour after birth, 99.2% had ever breastfed their infant, 89.8% were right away breastfeeding, and 14.8% were straightaway bottle-feeding. Among infants less than 6 months of age, 46.4% were exclusively breastfed, and 56.7% of those aged 6-9 months received complementary foods. The infant feeding practices in mothers who reside in urban areas, are more educated, and are from wealthier households.53Gosvamiet al. (2009) revealed that, when mothers do not start breastfeeding early, their babies do not develop normal feeding patterns, until the fourth or fifth day since their birth. This happens because the suckling reflex is strongest in the first half hour after birth, and thereafter it fades. If the breastfeeding is delayed for 24 hours, the infant may need to be taught how to suckle, particularly if bottles or pacifiers have been given during that time.
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It is important to provide proper information to the mother and family regarding early initiation.54Pandey S. Et al. (2010), conducted a study on determinants of IYCF practices in Nepal, to estimate the IYCF indications & the determinants of selected feeding practices. About 35.4% breast feeding was initiated with in the first hour after birth, 99.5% were exclusive breastfed, 98.1% were currently breastfed and 3.5% were bottle fed. The rate of exclusive breast feeding among infants less than 6 months of age was 53.1%. The study concludes that most breastfeeding indicators in Nepal are the below the expected levels to achieve a substantial reduction in child mortality. Breastfeeding promotion strategies should specifically target mothers who have more contact with the health care delivery system while programs targeting the entire community should be continued.55A study was conducted on breastfeeding among mothers of below six months children in rural Wardha Pondicherry, India. Initiation of breastfeeding is generally quite late and colostrum is discarded. The study reported, majority 61.6% newborn babies had received breastfeeding within half an hour.
About 50% of the mothers had any of the feeding problems like feeding less than 8 times in 24 h, giving any other food or drinks or is low weight for age. Pregnant more mothers with feeding problems had problems in positioning and attachment of infant to the breast as compared with those mothers who didn’t have any feeding problems.56Khan A.M. et al. (2012), conducted a study on infant and young child feeding practices among mothers attending an urban health center in East Delhi, India with an objective to study the diet pattern of children less than 2 years. Exclusive breast feeding was followed by 57.1% of children under 6 months of age. Minimal dietary diversity, lowest meal frequency and merest acceptable diet were seen suitable in 32.6%, 48.6% and 19.7% of children between 6 months and 2 years of age respectively.
Conduct a cross sectional study on the infant feeding practices in an urban Slum of Nagpur, India. to assess the infant feeding practices in an Urban Slum and to determine the factors influenced it. The study reported that 32.56% mothers had initiated breast feeding within 1 hour after their deliveries, Colostrum was given by 21.38% mothers, and Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months was given by 36.84% mothers. The practice of EBF was more in the literate mothers and in mothers who are informed by the health personnel.58
