Table of Contents
Industrial Ecology (IE)
The complete opposite of this method as it assumes that the industrial system is a component of the ecosystem.
Can be described in terms of energy, materials and information flows.
Goes beyond pollution and environmental issues.
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It requires addressing technologies, process economics, business relationships, financing, and overall government politics on the management of commercial enterprises.
The Shape of Eco-Industrial Growth
Two primary forms in practice of eco-industrial growth projects:
Offer a discrete setting where companies locate for maximum resource efficiency.
Defined as a community of businesses that cooperate with each other and with the local community to efficiently share resource leading to economic, environmental, and human resource gains.
Similar to a conventional industrial park in that it is a contagious property containing a no. Of tenants sharing a common management/ownership, infrastructure, services and often a tenants association.
Different Visions Associated With Existing Eips:
Physically connect businesses into a network, with a objective of zero emissions,
Restrict park to companies that generate no pollution or environmental technology firms,
Restrict part to companies with environmental management systems in place and with excellent regulatory histories.
Focus on park infrastructure, with energy saving “green” buildings, buildings designed for re-use, recycled or deconstructed buildings, xeriscaping (landscaping for maximum water conservation), etc.
Eco-Industrial Networks
Has moved beyond the boundaries of a industrial park of collocation businesses to regional trash exchange networks.
Extend beyond a focus on localized by product exchanges to a broader agenda for improvement of environmental,social, and business performance.
Can include community service proprams, employee skills and environmental training programs, and other joint programs.
Require an accessible, up-to-date communication mechanism for information exchange on available inputs and by products to be viable.
May bring economies of scale required for developing a by product market.
The Eco-Industrial Growth Strategies
The main innovation posed by eco-industrial growth thought has been taking a whole systems method to industrial and community growth. EID integrates a number of tools and strategies focusing on the design of manufacture processes, products, and physical space in a way that increases resource efficiency, lower cost, and mitigates environmental impacts.
Resource Recovery, Pollution Prevention, and Cleaner Manufacture
Closed manufacture loops emerge from the elimination of trashd energy, water, and materials for cost savings within and among firms. “The objective is to minimize environmental impacts by changing the way goods or services are produced or the products themselves”. These systems promote recovery of end products and recycling of base materials and reusable industrial trashes back into the manufacture process.
Integration Into Natural Ecosystem
Preventing and mitigating environmental impact requires designing eco-industrial parks in a way that considers ecosystem conditions and resources. Ecosystem planning principles include land use and efficiency, health and safety protection, and environmental protection.
Industrial Clustering
Industry clusters are agglomerations of competing and collaborating industries in a region networked into horizontal and vertical relationships, involving strong common buyer-supplier linkages, and relying on a shared foundation of specialized economic institution.
Industrial clustering is based on the notion that networks of manufactures develop cooperative relationships to optimize resources. Industry has been driving force behind this trend.
Sustainable “Green” Design
Most existing eco-industrial projects have incorporated one or more sustainable or “green”, design features into their landscaping and facilities. The primary objectives of green design are to maximize use of recycled and environmentally benign materials in the construction and operation of facilities.
Anchor Tenant
Establishing an eco-industrial park around one or more primary “anchor” tenants was suggested as a way to create a more definable set of possible inter-connections. The eco-industrial anchor tenant idea is loosely based on the real estate growth strategy of using an anchor company to attract other films to an industrial park or commercial facility. The type of anchor tenants and its byproducts therefore turn out to be a comparative advantage for attracting certain kinds of satellite industries.
Life Cycle Assessment
It is a tool for assessing the total environmental impacts of a product, building, or process from raw materials extraction to disposal, or “from cradle-to-grave”. It considers the inputs and outputs of manufacture at all stages of the value chain, from extraction, processing, and manufacturing, to distribution, retail, consumption, and disposal. The ultimate objective is to minimize resource use by streamlining design and including reusable or recyclable materials.
