Table of Contents
- COVID-19 and Employees’ Mental Health
- Coronavirus Outbreak: Managing Anxiety and Depression Among your Workforce
- Industrial Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: Mental Health Perspective
- COVID-19 and Lockdown: A study on the Impact on Mental Health
- Organizational Layoffs: The Unfortunate Impact of COVID-19
- Factors Affecting Mental Health of Health Care Workers during Coronavirus Outbreaks
- Preregistration: The Short-Term Effect of COVID 19 on Employment and Wages
- Coronavirus: the Hidden Impact on Employee Mental Health
- Coronavirus also Impact Employees Mental Health
- Why every Company must Tackle Mental Health Head-on
- How Has COVID 19 Affected Mental Health Severity of Stress Among Employees
According to Opatha (2020), research employees from all size of organization, industries in all countries in the world are in risk. It has negative impact on employees, opatha identified 15 specific fear of employees which are fear of getting affected, quarantine, affected by loved ones, stigmatized, affected by others, be a cause of spreading, attending work, sanction/s, peer pressure, loss of pursuits of pleasure, losing job, continuity of business, implementing plans, formulating new plans. That results as stress by corona for employees and because of stress by corona may produce bad consequences and they may turnout as a burnout which is harmful to the employees. He also identified that employees who are at greater risk during corona are health care workers, security force and police personal. So HRM needed to studied how organization prevent employees mentally and physically during coronavirus.
COVID-19 and Employees’ Mental Health
According to Salima Hamouche (2020), this research paper inspects 2 mental health outcomes.
- Psychological distress
- Depression
Because of this pandemic outbreak psychological distress may lead to depression and then depression leads to severe consequences like suicide. These 2 mental health problems results of continuous stress. Currently whole world is suffering from stress. Main 5 stress during this pandemic is describe in this paper are 1) perception of safety, threat and risk of contagion 2) Infobesity and the, unknown 3) quarantine and confinement 4) stigma and social exclusion 5) financial loss and job insecurity. Some of stressor also remain affected even after COVID-19 outbreak is over. This pandemic affect may have negative impact on employees mental health even after COVID-19 is over because of posttraumatic stress disorder recovery from a life threatening physical illness this also happened in SARC outbreak where victims even after 4 years they are experiencing stigmatization they isolation themselves and this worsened their mental health.
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Financial loss and job security considered stressor for employees even after COVID 19 outbreak is over because business disruption of companies.
According to Ruslan Dorfman (2020), research paper mainly focused on healthcare medical staff. The impact of coronavirus on mental health of nurses, doctor and people who advised to stay in quarantine. This cause anxiety, depression on people who are forced to stay in quarantine. Healthcare workers are at higher risk of mental health problems because they work in between affected person. Self-isolation increases the mental health problems such as anxiety and social phobia. Communication help to reduce the risk of mental health stress at workplace. So by communicating with one another at workplace employees may reduce their anxiety attacks. Companies have to give advice to employees to take online counselling or internet-based therapy if they are suffering from anxiety or depression.
Industrial Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: Mental Health Perspective
According to Jyoti Prakash, Kaushik Chatterjee, Kalpana Srivastava (2020), in this current COVID 19 situation industries are not running in isolation period. Industry are backbone of society, which gives its member livelihood. Economic disruption caused by COVID 19 which directly affect the service industry like hospitality, travel and tourism, entertainment, etc. this situation also affects small and medium size companies which are less developed. In this background mental health of employees is in danger because this impact negatively on them. This situation most likely to impact on unskilled migrant labourers who are daily wage earner. Because of lockdown they can’t able to earn and they can’t even afford to stay at their work place so they walk 100 kilometres to go their homes this all make negative impact on their wellbeing.
Employees in industry are stressed because they have fear of infection transmission, they are in risk of interaction with infected people, they have to maintain social distancing and safety. They also suffer anxiety attacks for safety of their family. They don’t get chance to meet their family member because of fear of they bring virus at home this all may lead to anxiety disorder. Employees has fear of uncertainty in employment, payment may continue or not in this situation, social isolation by itself, this all are causes for anxiety, depression, and even cognitive disturbance.
COVID-19 and Lockdown: A study on the Impact on Mental Health
COVID 19 pandemic has covered all over the world. India also going through challenging time period. Nationwide lockdown made citizens psychological and emotion reaction, fear and uncertainty being one of them. They conduct online questionnaire of two different individuals employed ones and unemployed ones and through questionnaire they get result that unemployed individuals were less features of anxiety then employed. Stress level is same in both group of individuals but according to imam and Ansari (2018) employed individuals shares high level of stress because of there working hours, condition, salary, culture, attitude of colleagues etc. and in this research depression is more visible in unemployed individuals rather than employed individual but according to imam and Ansari (2018) employed individuals are suffering high depression and anxiety. They also conclude that depression was high among the age group of 15-35 and anxiety was mostly belonging to age group of 21-25 and stress was high among the age group of the 21-25.
Organizational Layoffs: The Unfortunate Impact of COVID-19
According to Nicole dickie (2020), COVID 19 impact is friestly cause employees of hospitality and retail industries. Biggest change that impact on employees mental health and wellbeing are organizational layoffs. From the theoretical perspective of (Hobfoll, 1989),layoffs are very stressful because job are financial benefit of person through which they connect to other person and creating social support, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. Organization justice is comprised of three dimensions: distributive, procedural, and interactional justice (Cohen-Charas & Spector, 2001). Distributive justice deals with fair allocations of benefits and resources; procedural justice deals with fair process of deciding who gets what; interactional justice deals with fair interpersonal treatment and receiving appropriate information.
Individual layoffs are risky and they are higher likelihood of being admitted for mental health. This also lead to suicide and alcohol related death. Risk of heart attack is more with who lose their job. Depression and anxiety continuously increases between 15 to 30 percent among people who have lost their jobs compared to those who are still employed (Pfeffer, 2018, p. 79). I/O psycohologist focuses on the individuals employees. For those laid off involuntarily from jobs, cumulative research clearly shows that health outcomes are poor at best.
Coronavirus puts healthcare worker in higher risk of infection and mental health problems. Study is for identifies the mental health of health workers during this period. Currently high pressure of mental health is on nurses, physician, and hospital-based personnel. A large body of evidence resulted in the following risk factors: level of disease exposure, being quarantined as health care worker, and health fear. Study also suggested job stress and dissatisfaction, and stigma as risk factors. We also identified factors that are protective for mental health problems, including clear communication and support from the organization, social support, and sense of control and coping ability. This paper includes two study on covid 19 impact. One is on female nurse with marriage is more likely to suffer from psychological distress in covid19. Other Chinese company reported that 73% medical staff is suffer from stress related symptoms and 23% frontline medical staff is suffer from anxiety but did not measures any type of high risk factor. Qualitative study from china also described that they also faced difficulties like implementing psychological 204 interventions, including online courses, a psychological assistance hotline team and various group activities to release stress.
Preregistration: The Short-Term Effect of COVID 19 on Employment and Wages
COVID 19 will increases the unemployment and decreases wages in the short-term. COVID 19 also increases the unemployment rate and decreases the earning for both incorporated and non-corporate self-employed worker. This all may lead them to enter to anxiety, stress, and depression. Short-term economic consequences of COVID 19 will be larger for states with relatively more cases and deaths, larger for relatively more `risky’ occupations, although there may be a wage premia for workers who keep working. are larger for individuals in occupations who cannot easily work from home, larger for immigrants than for natives, larger for non-union members than for union members.
According to Alvin Ho, Dr Anne Sammon, Kevin Bridge (2020), social distancing makes our homes our office, gym, playground, and school and most of us because of this dealing with financial worries, health threads, and job loss. In this situation many of us are suffering from worries, high level of stress and those suffering from pre existing mental health condition such as depression, anxiety, and obsessive compulsion disorder find that these problems are create because of coronavirus pandemic condition. In employment context, through email and videoconfersing employees are communicating with one another instead of face to face contact. While employees have to maintain their engagement level through remote working and it resulted into longer working hours that affect the professional and personal lives. While junior employees through guidance and teamwork face difficulties on the virtual world so they are available.
The Mindful Business Charter (MBC) helping to improve employees mental health and wellbeing by eliminating work[place stress. stress and pressure are the part of job and through some changes in our working behaviour we can avoid some of stress. employees may have to adopt some of the principles of MBC are stay connected, stay bound, stay flexible, stay mindful, and stay yourself.
Employees physical and mental health is impacted because of COVID 19 pandemic in workplace. Employees should circulate their programme like EAPS (Employees Assistance Programme) if they have to do so. EAPS must have to available activities like emergency counselling issue, mindfulness and meditation expert, professional which help individuals to managing their anxiety during the situation and collecting positivity. Human Recourse Professional and other manager are patiently trying to understand the need of employees during pandemic situation to accommodate those need. Current crises also exacerbate pre-existing illness such as OCD, PTSD and other anxiety disorder. Some employees using flexible approach such as paid sick time, paid time off, work from home, time off during workdays and providing them counselling and therapy during this pandemic. Employers even help their employees through EAP sponsoring meditation, yoga, mindfulness or other mental health and well-being programs.
Why every Company must Tackle Mental Health Head-on
According to guru gowrappan (2020), this pandemic transformed everything of our daily life.
Our workplace is our home and people who are parents they have to juggle between kid and video calls for work. As suggest from last few month all medical expert suggest us to take care of our mental health in this crises situation but if what this is not working between home and work life. once working from home is perk but now it converted as double-edged sword. Working shifts is not balanced during this time so this all male people stressed. And stress of work and household responsibility is turned out as anxiety and burnout. Ignoring the mental health of employees may impact on organizational output. By ingraining awareness education and open dialogue create healthy workplace and resulted greater productivity. People who are the position of the leadership need to take action on issues which are affecting employees mental wellbeing during coronavirus pandemic. New corporate culture normalizes mental health by conversation with employees.
How Has COVID 19 Affected Mental Health Severity of Stress Among Employees
Ginger mental health provider take survey of employees from that survey out of 10 employees 7 employees are conclude that this is their most stressful time in their whole professional career during this pandemic situation, which increases the medicine of antidepressant, antianxiety, and anti-insomnia medications. Human resources executive article findings describe that not only employees but employers also suffering from stressful time because of pandemic. According to Ginger, 88% of workers reported experiencing moderate to extreme stress over the past 4 to 6 weeks. From this 62% are losing at least 60 minute a day in productivity and 32% lost at least 120 minutes a day due to COVID-19–related stress. Survey conduct by America’s state of mind report conclude that from February 16 to march 15 medicines of antidepressant, antianxiety, and anti-insomnia medications increased by 21% because of COVID-19 related stress. The stress of workforce is proven costly because they can’t able to do productive work and that affect the business in pandemic.
“As employers wrestle with business continuity planning during COVID-19, this research confirms that employers need to make mental health support a critical aspect of that plan, or risk a dramatic impact on employee health and productivity,” said Sally Welborn, former vice president of global benefit for Walmart Stores.
