The following essay will be defining the concept of health and wellbeing, illness and health promotion. A case study will be used to consider and demonstrate the health needs of Newham East London as regards to childhood obesity through a relevant statistical data report collected from the Office of National Statistics (2019) and Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (2017). Also, the discernment of health education, social domination, and behaviour concerning equality and diversity will be examined. Furthermore, the biological, social and environmental factors influencing the determinants of health and well-being of young children in Newham and the impact on the overall population will be analysed and discussed.
The perception of health promotion, objectives, principles of health promotion and approaches used to prevent childhood obesity in Newham will be discussed using the Beattie’s model (1991). Finally, the awareness of the effectiveness of Beattie’s model of health promotion and its influence on the advancement and stability of young children in Newham to enhance intellectual, physical, environmental and other associated health outcomes will be analysed and discussed with the overall conclusion. The author Joseph Balog (2013), identified health as the physical, psychological and emotional condition operation of the body following its schedule and individual’s ability to accomplish their vital goals concerning life.
However, Illich (1976) argues that health is a relative concept, difficult to define because several factors can influence individual health meaning that the concept of health varies according to individual social status. Well- being can be defined as the positive outcomes from the experienced challenges that grantee individual happiness, satisfaction, and quality of life. (Dodge et al ,2012). WHO (2018), suggested that illness is a threatening condition in the form of chronic or acute diseases and disorder that causes someone to feel unwell. To provide in-depth definitions of health, a case study of childhood obesity in Newham will be applied. Childhood obesity is experienced when a child’s BMI is above 95th Percentile.
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This is because of the accumulation of high fats that develops threatening health conditions which reduced morbidity and increased mortality rate at a young and elderly age. (WHO, 2014). The prevalence rate of childhood obesity in year 6 has raised from 3.2% to 4.2 % from 2017 to 2018 in England. “Although Newham the Eastern part of London has increased significantly with the worst statistics recorded of childhood obesity of 12.8% of children in the reception class and 27.4% in year 6. Also, 43.2% of children in Year 6 were significantly overweight” (PHE, 2019, JSNA, 2017)). This is awful to compare to the pervasiveness rate of 9.1 % reception age and 19.1% in year 6 that was estimated In other cities of England. The studies of Va Mentink at al (2013), identified that 25% of an adult who suffered from Asthma, Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, renal failure and co-operative obstruction disease has resulted from childhood obesity.
The psychological and emotional well-being of children can also be damaged as a result of childhood obesity. In most cases, children might develop low-esteem, isolate themselves from social activities and withdraw from school because they are bullied by their peers. The effect of childhood obesity which was passed to adolescent age had caused Newham to experience a high rate of severe illnesses like COPD, asthma, cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. This has to lead to twice number of emergency admission, high morbidity and low mortality rate causing 3900 death between 2012 to 2014 to compare to other cities in England (JSNA, 2016- 2018).
